Program Overview

Activity Description Objectives

Target Audience Method of Participation

Term of Approval Acknowledgement of Support

Activity Description

In recent years, the number of oral medications for people with type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically. More than 10 classes of oral agents are currently approved for use in the United States. This situation raises important questions for health professionals who treat and manage patients with type 2 diabetes. For controlling glycemia and preventing long-term complications of diabetes, are any agents better than others? How do oral medications compare with regard to risks of hypoglycemia, weight gain, gastrointestinal complications, congestive heart failure, and other adverse outcomes? What are the comparative benefits and risks of combination oral therapies? Evidence-based answers to these questions are available in a large-scale comparative effectiveness review that was commissioned by AHRQ and published in 2011. The findings and potential clinical applications are summarized in this accredited journal article.

Core Competencies:

• Practice-based Learning and Improvement
• Systems-based Practice
• Interpersonal Skills and Communication
• Medical Knowledge

Learning Objectives

At the conclusion of this activity, the participant should be able to:

• Describe the comparative benefits of treatment options on intermediate measures of glycemic control and on long-term morbidity and mortality outcomes
• Compare the harms of treatment options based on risks of adverse events including hypoglycemia, liver injury, congestive heart failure, severe lactic acidosis, and pancreatitis
• Summarize the gaps in current knowledge regarding the comparative benefits and harms of treatment options across prespecified patient subpopulations

Target Audience

This CME activity is designed to meet the educational needs of physicians, pharmacists, nurses, and case managers.

Method of Participation

To receive a certificate for this activity, you should:

• Complete the learner assessment pretest
• View the entire activity online
• Complete an online evaluation & post-test
• Print your certificate online

The estimated time to complete this activity, including review of the materials, is 1.25 hours.

Term of Approval

January 30, 2012 through September 30, 2013. Original release date: January 30, 2012

Acknowledgement of Support

There is no fee for this CME/CE activity. This activity is sponsored by PRIME Education, Inc (PRIME^®) and funded under contract HHSA290201000006G from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).

Faculty Biographies and Disclosures

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Accreditation/Credit Designation

Physician Credit Designation Statement

PRIME Education, Inc. (PRIME^®) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

PRIME^® designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit^™. Physicians should claim only credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Physician Assistant Accreditation Statement

AAPA accepts certificates of participation for educational activities certified for AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ from organizations accredited by ACCME. Physician assistants may receive a maximum of 1.25 hours of Category I credit for completing this program.

Pharmacist Accreditation Statement

This curriculum has been approved for 1.25 contact hours (0.125 CEUs) by PRIME^®. PRIME^® is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education as a provider of continuing pharmacy education. The Universal Activity Number for this program is 0255-0000-11-033-H01-P. This learning activity is Knowledge-Based.

Nurse Accreditation Statement

PRIME Education, Inc. (PRIME^®) is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation.

PRIME^® designates this activity for 1.25 contact hours.

Case Manager Accreditation Statement

The Commission for Case Manager Certification designates this educational activity for 1.25 contact hours for certified case managers.

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Faculty Disclosures

Disclosure Policy

PRIME Education Inc (PRIME^®) endorses the standards of the ACCME, as well as those of the AANP, ANCC and ACPE, that require everyone in a position to control the content of a CME/CE activity to disclose all financial relationships with commercial interests that are related to the content of the CME/CE activity. CME/CE activities must be balanced, independent of commercial bias and promote improvements or quality in healthcare. All recommendations involving clinical medicine must be based on evidence accepted within the medical profession.

A conflict of interest is created when individuals in a position to control the content of CME/CE have a relevant financial relationship with a commercial interest which therefore may bias his/her opinion and teaching. This may include receiving a salary, royalty, intellectual property rights, consulting fee, honoraria, stocks or other financial benefits.

PRIME^® willidentify, review and resolve all conflicts of interest that speakers, authors, course directors, planners, peer reviewers, or relevant staff disclose prior to an educational activity being delivered to learners. Disclosure of a relationship is not intended to suggest or condone bias in any presentation but is made to provide participants with information that might be of potential importance to their evaluation of a presentation. Disclosure information for speakers, authors, course directors, planners, peer reviewers, and/or relevant staff are provided with this activity.

Presentations that provide information in whole or in part related to non FDA approved uses of drugs and/or devices will disclose the unlabeled indications or the investigational nature of their proposed uses to the audience. Participants should refer to the official prescribing information for each product for discussion of approved indications, contraindications and warnings. Participants should verify all information and data before treating patients or employing any therapies prescribed in this educational activity. The opinions expressed in the educational activity are those of the presenting faculty and do not necessarily represent the views of PRIME^®, the ACCME, AANP, ACPE, ANCC and other relevant accreditation bodies.

Content validation methods are consistently utilized by PRIME^® to ensure that all program content is evidence-based, fair-balanced, and developed with scientific rigor and integrity. All clinical recommendations are based on evidence accepted within the medical profession. All scientific research referred to, reported or used to support a clinical recommendation conforms to accepted standards of experimental design, data collection and analysis. In addition to review of content by course directors and expert faculty, content is also validated through independent peer reviewers selected for their expertise in the content area, as well as their experience in the intended audience. All peer reviewers, planners, course directors, faculty and relevant staff utilized by PRIME^® complete disclosures which are related to their role in the educational activity.

Accessibility

PRIME^®is committed to providing access to our CME programs for individuals with disabilities as identified in Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act for all web-based programs. This website is 508 compliant.

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Post-Test & Evaluation

You must access the activity before receiving credit!

Clinician & Consumer Summaries on Premixed Insulin Analogues

Download these free summaries for your reference and/or patient handouts. You may also order bulk copies free of charge from the AHRQ Publication Clearinghouse below.